{"id":3321,"date":"2026-08-31T11:47:30","date_gmt":"2026-08-31T09:47:30","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.institutdefrancais.com\/?p=3321"},"modified":"2026-08-31T11:51:50","modified_gmt":"2026-08-31T09:51:50","slug":"indirect-object-pronouns-french","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.institutdefrancais.com\/de\/indirect-object-pronouns-french\/","title":{"rendered":"Indirect Object Pronouns in French: Lui, Leur, and More"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n\n

\nIndirect Object Pronouns in French: Lui, Leur, and More\n<\/h1>\n\n
<\/div>\n\n\n\n
\n\n
\n\n

\nIndirect object pronouns are essential for speaking natural French. They allow you to replace a person introduced by \u00e0<\/b>, avoiding repetition and making sentences shorter and more fluid.\n<\/p>\n\n

\nThe most important forms to master are ihm<\/b> und ihnen<\/b>, but French also uses ich, du, wir,<\/b> und vous<\/b> as indirect object pronouns. Once you understand the relationship between a verb and \u00e0<\/b>, choosing the right pronoun becomes much easier.\n<\/p>\n\n

\nAt the Institut de Fran\u00e7ais, learners practice these structures through an immersive approach, using them in conversations and everyday situations rather than studying grammar only as an abstract rule.\n<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n\n<\/section>\n\n\n\n

\n\n
\n\n

Understanding Indirect Objects in French<\/b><\/h2>\n\n

The role of \u00e0 in an indirect object<\/h3>\n\n

\nAn indirect object is commonly introduced by the preposition \u00e0<\/b> when the object is a person.\n<\/p>\n\n

\nZum Beispiel:\n<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n\n

\n\n
\n\n<\/i>\n\n

\nIch spreche mit Marie.\n<\/p>\n\n

\nI speak to Marie.\n<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n\n

\n\n<\/i>\n\n

\nIl t\u00e9l\u00e9phone \u00e0 son fr\u00e8re.\n<\/p>\n\n

\nHe calls his brother.\n<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n\n

\n\n<\/i>\n\n

\nNous \u00e9crivons \u00e0 nos amis.\n<\/p>\n\n

\nWe write to our friends.\n<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n\n<\/div>\n\n

<\/div>\n\n
\n\n

\nWhen the person is replaced by an indirect object pronoun, pro Person<\/b> disappears and the appropriate pronoun takes its place:\n<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n\n

\n\n
\n\n<\/i>\n\n

\nIch spreche mit ihm.\n<\/p>\n\n

\nI speak to her.\n<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n\n

\n\n<\/i>\n\n

\nIl lui t\u00e9l\u00e9phone.\n<\/p>\n\n

\nHe calls him.\n<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n\n

\n\n<\/i>\n\n

\nWir schreiben ihnen.\n<\/p>\n\n

\nWir schreiben ihnen.\n<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n\n<\/div>\n\n

<\/div>\n\n
\n\n

\nThe pronoun normally appears before the conjugated verb.\n<\/p>\n\n

\nSubject + indirect object pronoun + verb<\/b>\n<\/p>\n\n

\nZum Beispiel:\n\nIch spreche mit ihm.<\/b>\n\nWir schreiben ihnen.<\/b>\n<\/p>\n\n

\nHowever, not every phrase containing \u00e0<\/b> is an indirect object. The verb itself determines whether \u00e0<\/b> introduces an indirect object, so learning common verb patterns is important.\n<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n\n

<\/div>\n\n
\n\n

Direct object or indirect object: how to tell<\/h3>\n\n

\nThe easiest way to distinguish the two is to look at the construction of the verb.\n<\/p>\n\n

\nA direct object follows the verb without \u00e0<\/b>:\n<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n\n

\n\n
\n\n<\/i>\n\n

\nIch schaue Marie an.\n<\/p>\n\n

\n\u2192 Ich schaue sie an.<\/b>\n<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n\n

\n\n<\/i>\n\n

\nIl conna\u00eet Paul.\n<\/p>\n\n

\n\u2192 Il le conna\u00eet.<\/b>\n<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n\n<\/div>\n\n

<\/div>\n\n
\n\n

\nAn indirect object is introduced by \u00e0<\/b>:\n<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n\n

\n\n
\n\n<\/i>\n\n

\nIch spreche mit Marie.\n<\/p>\n\n

\n\u2192 Ich spreche mit ihm.<\/b>\n<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n\n

\n\n<\/i>\n\n

\nIl t\u00e9l\u00e9phone \u00e0 Paul.\n<\/p>\n\n

\n\u2192 Il lui t\u00e9l\u00e9phone.<\/b>\n<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n\n<\/div>\n\n

<\/div>\n\n
\n\n

\nCompare these two sentences:\n<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
French sentence<\/b><\/th>\nPronomen<\/b><\/th>\nEnglisch<\/b><\/th>\n<\/tr>\n\n<\/thead>\n\n
Ich schaue Marie an.<\/i><\/td>\nIch schaue sie an.<\/i><\/td>\nIch beobachte sie.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n\n
Ich spreche mit Marie.<\/i><\/td>\nIch spreche mit ihm.<\/i><\/td>\nI speak to her.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n\n
Ich kenne Paul.<\/i><\/td>\nIch kenne ihn.<\/i><\/td>\nI know him.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n\n
J'\u00e9cris \u00e0 Paul.<\/i><\/td>\nJe lui \u00e9cris.<\/i><\/td>\nI write to him.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n\n<\/tbody>\n\n<\/table>\n\n<\/div>\n\n
<\/div>\n\n
\n\n

\nThe difference is small but fundamental: le, la, les<\/b> generally replace direct objects, while lui, leur<\/b> replace people introduced by \u00e0<\/b>.\n<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n\n<\/section>\n\n\n\n

\n\n
\n\n

French Indirect Object Pronouns Explained<\/b><\/h2>\n\n

Me, te, lui, nous, vous, and leur<\/h3>\n\n

\nFrench uses several pronouns to represent an indirect object. The correct choice depends on the person and number involved.\n<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Franz\u00f6sisches Pronomen<\/b><\/th>\nBedeutung auf Englisch<\/b><\/th>\nFrench example<\/b><\/th>\nAussprache<\/b><\/th>\n<\/tr>\n\n<\/thead>\n\n
ich \/ m'<\/td>\nf\u00fcr mich<\/td>\nEr spricht mit mir.<\/i><\/td>\nmuh \/ m'<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n\n
te \/ t'<\/td>\nan dich<\/td>\nIch antworte dir.<\/i><\/td>\ntuh \/ t'<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n\n
ihm<\/td>\nan ihn \/ an sie<\/td>\nIch spreche mit ihm.<\/i><\/td>\nlwee<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n\n
nous<\/td>\nan uns<\/td>\nSie schreibt uns.<\/i><\/td>\nnein<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n\n
vous<\/td>\nan dich<\/td>\nIch antworte Ihnen.<\/i><\/td>\nvoo<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n\n
ihnen<\/td>\nan sie<\/td>\nNous leur parlons.<\/i><\/td>\nluhr<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n\n<\/tbody>\n\n<\/table>\n\n<\/div>\n\n
<\/div>\n\n
\n\n

\nVor einem Vokal oder einem stummen h<\/b>, ich<\/b> und te<\/b> werden m'<\/b> und t'<\/b>:\n<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n\n

\n\n
\n\n<\/i>\n\n

\nIl m'\u00e9crit.\n<\/p>\n\n

\nHe writes to me.\n<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n\n

\n\n<\/i>\n\n

\nJe t'\u00e9coute.\n<\/p>\n\n

\nI listen to you.\n<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n\n<\/div>\n\n

<\/div>\n\n
\n\n

\nIm Gegensatz zu ihm<\/b> und ihnen<\/b>, these pronouns can also function as direct object pronouns depending on the verb:\n<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n\n

\n\n
\n\n<\/i>\n\n

\nEr sieht mich.\n<\/p>\n\n

\nHe sees me. Objekt<\/b>\n<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n\n

\n\n<\/i>\n\n

\nEr spricht mit mir.\n<\/p>\n\n

\nHe speaks to me. Indirektes Objekt<\/b>\n<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n\n<\/div>\n\n

<\/div>\n\n
\n\n

\nThis is why you should learn the construction of the verb rather than memorize the pronoun alone.\n<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n\n

<\/div>\n\n
\n\n

Singular and plural forms<\/h3>\n\n

\nThe most important distinction with ihm<\/b> und ihnen<\/b> is number.\n<\/p>\n\n

\nLui<\/b> is used for one person:\n<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n\n

\n\n
\n\n<\/i>\n\n

\nIch spreche mit ihm.\n<\/p>\n\n

\nI speak to him\/her.\n<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n\n

\n\n<\/i>\n\n

\nNous lui \u00e9crivons.\n<\/p>\n\n

\nWe write to him\/her.\n<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n\n<\/div>\n\n

<\/div>\n\n
\n\n

\nLeur<\/b> is used for more than one person:\n<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n\n

\n\n
\n\n<\/i>\n\n

\nJe leur parle.\n<\/p>\n\n

\nI speak to them.\n<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n\n

\n\n<\/i>\n\n

\nWir schreiben ihnen.\n<\/p>\n\n

\nWir schreiben ihnen.\n<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n\n<\/div>\n\n

<\/div>\n\n
\n\n

\nImportantly, the indirect object pronoun ihnen<\/b> does not take an -s<\/b>. It remains ihnen<\/b>, whether the people are male, female, or a mixed group.\n<\/p>\n\n

\nZum Beispiel:\n\nJe leur parle.<\/b> \u2014 I speak to them.\n\nElle leur t\u00e9l\u00e9phone.<\/b> \u2014 She calls them.\n<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n\n

<\/div>\n\n
\n\n

What lui and leur mean in English<\/h3>\n\n

\nLui<\/b> can mean \"to him\" or \"to her\", depending on the context.\n<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n\n

\n\n
\n\n<\/i>\n\n

\nJe lui donne un livre.\n<\/p>\n\n

\nI give him a book.\n<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n\n

\n\n<\/i>\n\n

\nJe lui donne une fleur.\n<\/p>\n\n

\nI give her a flower.\n<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n\n<\/div>\n\n

<\/div>\n\n
\n\n

\nLeur<\/b> means \"to them.\"\n<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n\n

\n\n
\n\n<\/i>\n\n

\nJe leur donne un livre.\n<\/p>\n\n

\nI give them a book.\n<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n\n

\n\n<\/i>\n\n

\nNous leur expliquons la situation.\n<\/p>\n\n

\nWe explain the situation to them.\n<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n\n<\/div>\n\n

<\/div>\n\n
\n\n

\nFrench does not distinguish masculine and feminine with ihm<\/b> oder ihnen<\/b> in these constructions.\n<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n\n<\/section>\n\n\n\n

\n\n
\n\n

The Key Difference Between Lui and Leur<\/b><\/h2>\n\n

When to use lui<\/h3>\n\n

\nVerwenden Sie ihm<\/b> when the indirect object refers to one person.\n<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n\n

\n\n
\n\n<\/i>\n\n

\nJe parle \u00e0 Sophie.\n<\/p>\n\n

\n\u2192 Ich spreche mit ihm.<\/b>\n<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n\n

\n\n<\/i>\n\n

\nTu r\u00e9ponds \u00e0 Marc.\n<\/p>\n\n

\n\u2192 Tu lui r\u00e9ponds.<\/b>\n<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n\n

\n\n<\/i>\n\n

\nElle \u00e9crit \u00e0 son professeur.\n<\/p>\n\n

\n\u2192 Elle lui \u00e9crit.<\/b>\n<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n\n<\/div>\n\n

<\/div>\n\n
\n\n

\nThe person can be male or female:\n\nlui = to him \/ to her<\/b>\n<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n\n

<\/div>\n\n
\n\n

When to use leur<\/h3>\n\n

\nVerwenden Sie ihnen<\/b> when the indirect object refers to two or more people.\n<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n\n

\n\n
\n\n<\/i>\n\n

\nJe parle \u00e0 Sophie et Marc.\n<\/p>\n\n

\n\u2192 Je leur parle.<\/b>\n<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n\n

\n\n<\/i>\n\n

\nTu r\u00e9ponds \u00e0 tes parents.\n<\/p>\n\n

\n\u2192 Tu leur r\u00e9ponds.<\/b>\n<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n\n

\n\n<\/i>\n\n

\nElle \u00e9crit \u00e0 ses amis.\n<\/p>\n\n

\n\u2192 Sie schreibt ihnen.<\/b>\n<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n\n<\/div>\n\n

<\/div>\n\n
\n\n

\nLeur = to them<\/b>\n<\/p>\n\n

\nA useful memory trick is:\n\nOne person \u2192 lui<\/b>\n\nSeveral people \u2192 leur<\/b>\n<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n\n

<\/div>\n\n
\n\n

Examples with one or several people<\/h3>\n\n

\nLook at how the number of people changes the pronoun:\n<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Urspr\u00fcnglicher Satz<\/b><\/th>\nPronoun sentence<\/b><\/th>\nEnglisch<\/b><\/th>\n<\/tr>\n\n<\/thead>\n\n
Ich spreche mit Paul.<\/i><\/td>\nIch spreche mit ihm.<\/i><\/td>\nI speak to him.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n\n
Je parle \u00e0 Julie.<\/i><\/td>\nIch spreche mit ihm.<\/i><\/td>\nI speak to her.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n\n
Je parle \u00e0 Paul et Julie.<\/i><\/td>\nJe leur parle.<\/i><\/td>\nI speak to them.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n\n
Nous \u00e9crivons \u00e0 notre professeur.<\/i><\/td>\nNous lui \u00e9crivons.<\/i><\/td>\nWe write to him\/her.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n\n
Nous \u00e9crivons \u00e0 nos professeurs.<\/i><\/td>\nWir schreiben ihnen.<\/i><\/td>\nWir schreiben ihnen.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n\n<\/tbody>\n\n<\/table>\n\n<\/div>\n\n
<\/div>\n\n
\n\n

\nThis distinction is one of the most useful rules to practice when learning French.\n<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n\n<\/section>\n\n\n\n

\n\n
\n\n

French Verbs That Take an Indirect Object<\/b><\/h2>\n\n

Common verbs followed by \u00e0<\/h3>\n\n

\nMany high-frequency French verbs are followed by pro Person<\/b>. These are particularly useful to memorize as complete expressions.\n<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Franz\u00f6sisches Verb<\/b><\/th>\nEnglisch<\/b><\/th>\nBeispiel<\/b><\/th>\nAussprache<\/b><\/th>\n<\/tr>\n\n<\/thead>\n\n
mit \u2026 sprechen<\/td>\nto speak to<\/td>\nIch spreche mit ihm.<\/i><\/td>\npar-lay ah<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n\n
auf \u2026 antworten<\/td>\num zu antworten<\/td>\nJe lui r\u00e9ponds.<\/i><\/td>\nray-pondr ah<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n\n
geben an<\/td>\nto give to<\/td>\nJe lui donne le livre.<\/i><\/td>\ndoh-nay ah<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n\n
schreiben an<\/td>\nto write to<\/td>\nJe leur \u00e9cris.<\/i><\/td>\nay-kreer ah<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n\n
anrufen<\/td>\nto call<\/td>\nIch rufe ihn an.<\/i><\/td>\ntay-lay-foh-nay ah<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n\n
demander \u00e0<\/td>\nto ask<\/td>\nJe lui demande.<\/i><\/td>\nduh-mahn-day ah<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n\n
expliquer \u00e0<\/td>\nto explain to<\/td>\nJe leur explique.<\/i><\/td>\nex-plee-kay ah<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n\n
envoyer \u00e0<\/td>\nto send to<\/td>\nJe lui envoie un message.<\/i><\/td>\nahn-vwah-yay ah<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n\n<\/tbody>\n\n<\/table>\n\n<\/div>\n\n
<\/div>\n\n
\n\n

\nLearning the verb together with \u00e0<\/b> can help you immediately recognize when an indirect object pronoun is required.\n<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n\n

<\/div>\n\n
\n\n

Parler \u00e0, r\u00e9pondre \u00e0, donner \u00e0, and \u00e9crire \u00e0<\/h3>\n\n

\nThese four verbs are especially useful for beginners.\n<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n\n

\n\n
\n\n<\/i>\n\n

\nParler \u00e0\n<\/p>\n\n

\nIch spreche mit Marie.<\/i> \u2192 Ich spreche mit ihm.<\/i>\n<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n\n

\n\n<\/i>\n\n

\nR\u00e9pondre \u00e0\n<\/p>\n\n

\nJe r\u00e9ponds \u00e0 Paul.<\/i> \u2192 Je lui r\u00e9ponds.<\/i>\n<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n\n<\/div>\n\n

<\/div>\n\n
\n\n
\n\n<\/i>\n\n

\nDonner \u00e0\n<\/p>\n\n

\nJe donne le livre \u00e0 Sophie.<\/i> \u2192 Je lui donne le livre.<\/i>\n<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n\n

\n\n<\/i>\n\n

\n\u00c9crire \u00e0\n<\/p>\n\n

\nNous \u00e9crivons \u00e0 nos amis.<\/i> \u2192 Wir schreiben ihnen.<\/i>\n<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n\n<\/div>\n\n

<\/div>\n\n
\n\n

\nBeachten Sie, dass ihm<\/b> und ihnen<\/b> replace the person, but they do not replace another direct object.\n<\/p>\n\n

\nZum Beispiel:\n<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n\n

\n\n

\nJe donne le livre \u00e0 Paul.<\/b>\n\n\u2192 Je lui donne le livre.<\/b>\n<\/p>\n\n

\nHier, ihm<\/b> ersetzt \u00e0 Paul<\/b>, w\u00e4hrend das Buch<\/b> remains the direct object.\n<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n\n

<\/div>\n\n
\n\n

Verbs that can be confusing for English speakers<\/h3>\n\n

\nSome French verb constructions do not match English exactly. This can make indirect objects difficult for learners.\n<\/p>\n\n

\nZum Beispiel:\n<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n\n

\n\n
\n\n<\/i>\n\n

\nparler \u00e0 quelqu'un\n<\/p>\n\n

\nto speak to someone\n<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n\n

\n\n<\/i>\n\n

\nt\u00e9l\u00e9phoner \u00e0 quelqu'un\n<\/p>\n\n

\nto call someone\n<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n\n<\/div>\n\n

<\/div>\n\n
\n\n
\n\n<\/i>\n\n

\nr\u00e9pondre \u00e0 quelqu'un\n<\/p>\n\n

\nto answer someone\n<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n\n

\n\n<\/i>\n\n

\nob\u00e9ir \u00e0 quelqu'un\n<\/p>\n\n

\nto obey someone\n<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n\n<\/div>\n\n

<\/div>\n\n
\n\n

\nEnglish may not always use the word zu<\/b>, but French grammar still treats the person as an indirect object.\n<\/p>\n\n

\nVergleiche:\n<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n\n

\n\n

\nJe t\u00e9l\u00e9phone \u00e0 Marie.<\/b>\n\n\u2192 Ich rufe ihn an.<\/b>\n<\/p>\n\n

\nEven though English says \"I call Marie\" rather than \"I call to Marie,\" French uses anrufen<\/b>.\n<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n\n

<\/div>\n\n
\n\n

\nThe best way to master these differences is to learn the French verb pattern directly instead of translating word for word from English.\n<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n\n<\/section>\n\n\n\n

\n\n
\n\n

Putting Indirect Object Pronouns Into Sentences<\/b><\/h2>\n\n

Position before the verb<\/h3>\n\n

\nIn a simple sentence, the indirect object pronoun comes before the conjugated verb.\n<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n\n

\n\n
\n\n<\/i>\n\n

\nIch spreche mit ihm.\n<\/p>\n\n

\nI speak to him\/her.\n<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n\n

\n\n<\/i>\n\n

\nTu leur r\u00e9ponds.\n<\/p>\n\n

\nYou answer them.\n<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n\n<\/div>\n\n

<\/div>\n\n
\n\n
\n\n<\/i>\n\n

\nIl nous t\u00e9l\u00e9phone.\n<\/p>\n\n

\nHe calls us.\n<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n\n

\n\n<\/i>\n\n

\nElle vous \u00e9crit.\n<\/p>\n\n

\nShe writes to you.\n<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n\n<\/div>\n\n

<\/div>\n\n
\n\n

\nDas Grundmuster lautet:\n<\/p>\n\n

\nSubject + indirect object pronoun + verb<\/b>\n<\/p>\n\n

\nJe + lui + parle<\/b>
\n\nNous + leur + \u00e9crivons<\/b>
\n\nVous + lui + r\u00e9pondez<\/b>\n<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n\n

<\/div>\n\n
\n\n

Indirect object pronouns with two verbs<\/h3>\n\n

\nWhen there are two verbs, the pronoun is generally placed directly before the infinitive when that infinitive is the verb associated with the indirect object.\n<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n\n

\n\n
\n\n<\/i>\n\n

\nJe vais lui parler.\n<\/p>\n\n

\nJe vais parler \u00e0 Marie.\n<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n\n

\n\n<\/i>\n\n

\nNous voulons lui r\u00e9pondre.\n<\/p>\n\n

\nNous voulons r\u00e9pondre \u00e0 Paul.\n<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n\n<\/div>\n\n

<\/div>\n\n
\n\n
\n\n<\/i>\n\n

\nElle va leur \u00e9crire.\n<\/p>\n\n

\nElle va \u00e9crire \u00e0 ses parents.\n<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n\n

\n\n<\/i>\n\n

\nIls doivent leur t\u00e9l\u00e9phoner.\n<\/p>\n\n

\nIls doivent t\u00e9l\u00e9phoner \u00e0 leurs amis.\n<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n\n<\/div>\n\n

<\/div>\n\n
\n\n

\nThis pattern is very common with verbs such as vouloir, pouvoir, devoir, aller,<\/b> und lieben<\/b> followed by an infinitive.\n<\/p>\n\n

\nA useful structure to remember is:\n\nConjugated verb + indirect object pronoun + infinitive<\/b>\n<\/p>\n\n

\nZum Beispiel:\n\nJe veux lui parler.<\/b>\n\nNous allons leur \u00e9crire.<\/b>\n<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n\n

<\/div>\n\n
\n\n

Negative sentences and questions<\/h3>\n\n

\nThe indirect object pronoun stays before the verb in a negative sentence.\n<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n\n

\n\n
\n\n<\/i>\n\n

\nJe ne lui parle pas.\n<\/p>\n\n

\nIch spreche mit ihm.\n<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n\n

\n\n<\/i>\n\n

\nNous ne leur \u00e9crivons pas.\n<\/p>\n\n

\nWir schreiben ihnen.\n<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n\n

\n\n<\/i>\n\n

\nElle ne lui r\u00e9pond pas.\n<\/p>\n\n

\nElle lui r\u00e9pond.\n<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n\n<\/div>\n\n

<\/div>\n\n
\n\n

\nIn questions, the pronoun remains close to the verb:\n<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n\n

\n\n
\n\n<\/i>\n\n

\nEst-ce que tu lui parles ?\n<\/p>\n\n

\nDo you speak to him\/her?\n<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n\n

\n\n<\/i>\n\n

\nEst-ce que vous leur \u00e9crivez ?\n<\/p>\n\n

\nDo you write to them?\n<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n\n

\n\n<\/i>\n\n

\nTu lui r\u00e9ponds ?\n<\/p>\n\n

\nAre you answering him\/her?\n<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n\n<\/div>\n\n

<\/div>\n\n
\n\n

\nThis makes indirect object pronouns relatively predictable once the basic word order is familiar.\n<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n\n<\/section>\n\n\n\n

\n\n
\n\n

Indirect Object Pronouns Across French Tenses<\/b><\/h2>\n\n

Present and imperfect examples<\/h3>\n\n

\nThe same pronouns are used in the present and imperfect. Their position remains before the conjugated verb.\n<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n\n

\n\n
\n\n<\/i>\n\n

\nPresent\n<\/p>\n\n

\nIch spreche mit ihm.<\/i> \u2014 I speak to him\/her.\n\nWir schreiben ihnen.<\/i> \u2014 We write to them.\n\nElle me t\u00e9l\u00e9phone.<\/i> \u2014 She calls me.\n<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n\n

\n\n<\/i>\n\n

\nUnvollkommen\n<\/p>\n\n

\nJe lui parlais.<\/i> \u2014 I used to speak to him\/her.\n\nNous leur \u00e9crivions.<\/i> \u2014 We used to write to them.\n\nElle me t\u00e9l\u00e9phonait.<\/i> \u2014 She used to call me.\n<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n\n<\/div>\n\n

<\/div>\n\n
\n\n

\nThe important point is that the pronoun does not change. The verb tense changes, while the indirect object pronoun stays in the same position.\n<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n\n

<\/div>\n\n
\n\n

Using lui and leur in the pass\u00e9 compos\u00e9<\/h3>\n\n

\nMit dem Perfekt<\/b>, the indirect object pronoun comes before the auxiliary verb.\n<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n\n

\n\n

\nSubject + pronoun + avoir\/\u00eatre + past participle<\/b>\n<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n\n

<\/div>\n\n
\n\n
\n\n<\/i>\n\n

\nJe lui ai parl\u00e9.\n<\/p>\n\n

\nJ'ai parl\u00e9 \u00e0 Marie.\n<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n\n

\n\n<\/i>\n\n

\nNous leur avons \u00e9crit.\n<\/p>\n\n

\nNous avons \u00e9crit \u00e0 nos parents.\n<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n\n<\/div>\n\n

<\/div>\n\n
\n\n
\n\n<\/i>\n\n

\nIl lui a r\u00e9pondu.\n<\/p>\n\n

\nIl a r\u00e9pondu \u00e0 Paul.\n<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n\n

\n\n<\/i>\n\n

\nElle leur a t\u00e9l\u00e9phon\u00e9.\n<\/p>\n\n

\nElle a t\u00e9l\u00e9phon\u00e9 \u00e0 ses amis.\n<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n\n<\/div>\n\n

<\/div>\n\n
\n\n

\nAn important point is that ihm<\/b> und ihnen<\/b> do not trigger past participle agreement merely because they come before the verb. They represent an indirect object.\n<\/p>\n\n

\nZum Beispiel:\n<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n\n

\n\n

\nJe leur ai parl\u00e9.<\/b>\n\nThe past participle parl\u00e9<\/b> does not change because ihnen<\/b> is indirect.\n<\/p>\n\n

\nCompare this with a direct object pronoun:\n\nJe les ai vus.<\/b>\n\nHier, les<\/b> is a direct object pronoun, so the past participle can agree with the object it represents.\n<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n\n

<\/div>\n\n
\n\n

Pronouns with the infinitive<\/h3>\n\n

\nWhen the indirect object belongs to an infinitive, place the pronoun before that infinitive:\n<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n\n

\n\n
\n\n<\/i>\n\n

\nJe veux lui parler.\n<\/p>\n\n

\nJe veux parler \u00e0 Marie.\n<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n\n

\n\n<\/i>\n\n

\nNous allons leur \u00e9crire.\n<\/p>\n\n

\nNous allons \u00e9crire \u00e0 nos amis.\n<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n\n<\/div>\n\n

<\/div>\n\n
\n\n
\n\n<\/i>\n\n

\nElle pr\u00e9f\u00e8re lui r\u00e9pondre.\n<\/p>\n\n

\nElle pr\u00e9f\u00e8re r\u00e9pondre \u00e0 Paul.\n<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n\n

\n\n<\/i>\n\n

\nIls vont leur t\u00e9l\u00e9phoner.\n<\/p>\n\n

\nIls vont t\u00e9l\u00e9phoner \u00e0 leurs parents.\n<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n\n<\/div>\n\n

<\/div>\n\n
\n\n

\nThis is an especially useful structure for conversation because French speakers use combinations of conjugated verbs and infinitives constantly.\n<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n\n<\/section>\n\n\n\n

\n\n
\n\n

Direct vs. Indirect Object Pronouns: Quick Comparison<\/b><\/h2>\n\n

Le, la, les vs. lui, leur<\/h3>\n\n

\nThe easiest way to compare the two systems is to look at the original sentence.\n<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n\n

\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Objekt<\/b><\/th>\nIndirektes Objekt<\/b><\/th>\n<\/tr>\n\n<\/thead>\n\n
Ich schaue Paul an.<\/i>\nIch schaue ihn an.<\/i>\nI watch him.<\/td>\nIch spreche mit Paul.<\/i>\nIch spreche mit ihm.<\/i>\nI speak to him.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n\n
Je regarde Sophie.<\/i>\nIch schaue sie an.<\/i>\nIch beobachte sie.<\/td>\nJ'\u00e9cris \u00e0 Sophie.<\/i>\nJe lui \u00e9cris.<\/i>\nI write to her.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n\n
Je regarde mes amis.<\/i>\nIch schaue sie an.<\/i>\nI watch them.<\/td>\nJe parle \u00e0 mes amis.<\/i>\nJe leur parle.<\/i>\nI speak to them.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n\n<\/tbody>\n\n<\/table>\n\n<\/div>\n\n
<\/div>\n\n
\n\n

\nThe central question is:\n<\/p>\n\n

\nDoes the verb take the person directly, or does it use \u00e0?<\/b>\n<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n\n

\n\n
\n\n<\/i>\n\n

\nObjekt\n<\/p>\n\n

\nregarder quelqu'un<\/b> \u2192 le \/ la \/ les\n\nconna\u00eetre quelqu'un<\/b> \u2192 le \/ la \/ les\n<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n\n

\n\n<\/i>\n\n

\nIndirektes Objekt\n<\/p>\n\n

\nparler \u00e0 quelqu'un<\/b> \u2192 lui \/ leur\n\n\u00e9crire \u00e0 quelqu'un<\/b> \u2192 lui \/ leur\n\nr\u00e9pondre \u00e0 quelqu'un<\/b> \u2192 lui \/ leur\n<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n\n<\/div>\n\n

<\/div>\n\n
\n\n

How to choose the right pronoun<\/h3>\n\n

\nUse this simple process when you are unsure:\n<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n\n

\n\n
\n\n<\/i>\n\n

\nSchritt 1\n<\/p>\n\n

\nIdentify the verb.<\/b>\n\nAsk how the verb is constructed in French.\n<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n\n

\n\n<\/i>\n\n

\nSchritt 2\n<\/p>\n\n

\nIdentify the person the verb refers to.<\/b>\n\nIs it one person or several people?\n<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n\n<\/div>\n\n

<\/div>\n\n
\n\n
\n\n<\/i>\n\n

\nStep 3\n<\/p>\n\n

\nLook for \u00e0.<\/b>\n\nIf the construction is \u00e0 + one person<\/b>, verwenden ihm<\/b>.\n\nIf it is \u00e0 + several people<\/b>, verwenden ihnen<\/b>.\n<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n\n

\n\n<\/i>\n\n

\nStep 4\n<\/p>\n\n

\nCheck whether the object is direct instead.<\/b>\n\nIf there is no \u00e0<\/b> and the verb takes the person directly, you may need le, la,<\/b> oder les<\/b> stattdessen.\n<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n\n<\/div>\n\n

<\/div>\n\n
\n\n

\nZum Beispiel:\n<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n\n

\n\n
\n\n<\/i>\n\n

\nJe connais Marie.\n<\/p>\n\n

\n\u2192 Ich kenne sie.<\/b>\n<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n\n

\n\n<\/i>\n\n

\nIch spreche mit Marie.\n<\/p>\n\n

\n\u2192 Ich spreche mit ihm.<\/b>\n<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n\n<\/div>\n\n

<\/div>\n\n
\n\n
\n\n<\/i>\n\n

\nJe connais mes voisins.\n<\/p>\n\n

\n\u2192 Ich kenne sie.<\/b>\n<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n\n

\n\n<\/i>\n\n

\nJe parle \u00e0 mes voisins.\n<\/p>\n\n

\n\u2192 Je leur parle.<\/b>\n<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n\n<\/div>\n\n

<\/div>\n\n
\n\n

\nThe fastest way to become comfortable with these pronouns is to practice complete phrases rather than individual words. Instead of memorizing lui = him\/her<\/b>, learn useful patterns such as je lui parle, je lui r\u00e9ponds,<\/b> und je lui \u00e9cris<\/b>.\n<\/p>\n\n

\nWith regular exposure, these structures become automatic. Through\nimmersive French practice<\/a> at Institut de Fran\u00e7ais, learners can hear and use lui, leur, me, te, nous,<\/b> und vous<\/b> in authentic conversations, helping grammar become a natural part of communication rather than a rule you have to translate mentally.\n<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n\n<\/section>\n\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/section>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Indirect Object Pronouns in French: Lui, Leur, and More Indirect object pronouns are essential for speaking natural French. They allow you to replace a person introduced by \u00e0, avoiding repetition and making sentences shorter and more fluid. The most important forms to master are lui and leur, but French also uses me, te, nous, and...","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":3304,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3321","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blog"],"yoast_head":"\nFrench Indirect Object Pronouns: Me, Te, Lui, Nous, Vous, Leur<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.institutdefrancais.com\/de\/indirect-object-pronouns-french\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"de_DE\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Indirect Object Pronouns in French: Lui, Leur, and More\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" 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